CONSTRUCTION OF THE OTHER IN THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF MACROPOLITICAL IDENTITY

Анотація

The article examines characteristics of the methods of constructing the Other, adopted in modern political science. The approaches of "othering" are becoming important ways of setting symbolic boundaries that enable identity formation at the macropolitical level. The article traces changes in the interpretation of the concept of the Other in the discourse of philosophy and social sciences. The article explores the approaches to the construction of the image of the Other, presented in modern political theory. A set of characteristics is determined that define the logic of distinguishing the Other, as well as possible forms of their combination. The typology of the Other, which is widespread in political science studies, is considered, it is built around a combination of binary oppositions of internal and external, agonistic and antagonistic, temporal and spatial, one and multiple, a significant Other and a group that is not considered as a significant Other. The article argues that the formation of a meaningful Other requires focusing attention on the differences that are perceived by the macropolitical community as fundamental one, which requires its construction on the basis of value contradictions. The article also analyzes possible approaches to building the image of the Other and defining the symbolic boundaries that separate from it, doing so from the point of view of the need to involve them in the process of forming a macropolitical identity, which makes it possible to determine the criterion for assessing such construction. The threats that may be posed by the formation of the internal Other for the process of macropolitical identity policy development are considered. It is pointed out that for a divided society, the practice of "othering" on certain cultural grounds pose a significant threat, which determines the need to develop an image of the Other, whose borders would coincide with the borders of the state. The author concludes that the formation of symbolic boundaries in the construction of the Other is a complex and lengthy process that involves a combination of efforts of different political actors. Symbolic boundaries can be built on different grounds and, accordingly, differ in essential characteristics. It is important to understand the formation of macropolitical identity as the ultimate goal in the construction of the Other, which makes it possible to introduce criteria for analyzing the effectiveness and correctness of the process of such construction.

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