Anatomy of Phase Transitions in Economic Systems: Enterprise, Region, Macroeconomics

Анотація

The article analyzes the content of such categories as “phase”, “phase transition”, and “phase barrier”. Phase is understood as a homogeneous part of a heterogeneous system, separated from other parts by an interface. Phase transition means an intermittent change in a system’s properties with a continuous change in environmental factors. Phase barrier means the complex prerequisites needed for a system’s implementation of phase transition. The research investigates the trialectic mechanism for the implementation of phase transition through changes in the three groups of interrelated and interdependent system-forming factors: material (including energy), information and synergetic. The formation of the needed prerequisites, i.e. relevant system’s parameters in all three groups of factors, is a necessary condition for phase transition. The article distinguishes prerequisites for phase transition to the post-industrial formation. These are the following: the creation of alternative energy with mass energy storage, the formation of a new production basis based on additive technology and 3D printers, the creation of the universal (“digital”) basis for the use of information, the formation of a “cloud” as a global memory system, the use of artificial intelligence and “smart” cyber-physical systems, the total network integration of systems on the basis of Internet, the formation of horizontal production-consumer structures, etc. The article reveals phase transition features in economic systems and analyzes the role of man in their development and transformation. The article examines the evolution of the triad of the essential origins of man (bio-labor-socio) during epochal phase transitions in the history of civilization. The research shows examples of the implementation of phase transitions in the history of economic systems. It distinguishes the catalytic role of natural factors in PT and presents the facts that characterize the course of the current phase transition. Key words: phase, phase transition, phase barrier, economic system, external environment, economic relations.

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