Grouping of mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border clusters

Анотація

Introduction. At the current stage of development of Ukraine's economy there is an urgent need to intensify business and innovation activity of domestic enterprises. An introduction of new organizational forms of interaction between participants of economic processes, in particular, cluster structures, is an important direction of ensuring such intensification. The advanced domestic and foreign experience shows that the formation and development of economic clusters is a powerful tool for economic growth both at the level of individual regions and at the national level. This could be achieved through the establishment of long-term mutually beneficial relations between enterprises, organizations and institutions located in a certain area, in order to manufacture and sell competitive goods, works and services. This ensures both the reduction of certain types of specific expenditures and the reduction of economic risk level due to properly organized cooperation relations between the participants of the economic cluster within a common value chain. The purpose of the paper is to grouping of mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border cluster structures. Results. The interpretation of the concept of the mechanism of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border cluster structures is presented. The types of these mechanisms have been grouped according to such features as: order of formation, place of origin of the initiative to form a cross-border cluster, participation of state (regional) authorities in the process of forming a cluster, method of formation, level of centralization, etc. Mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border clusters in three European macro-regions are analyzed. Conclusions. The practical significance of the results of the study lies in the possibility of their use in the practice of enterprises, state and local authorities in: assessing the effectiveness of cross-border clusters, assessing the feasibility of certain enterprises to join these clusters, identifying areas for improving the formation and development of cross-border clusters.

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