Essence, Conceptual Principles, and Features of Structural Policy

Анотація

Modern economic, social and political crises are to some extent due to insufficient attention to the formation and implementation of the state structural policy. The analysis of the results of studies of essential characteristics of the conceptual framework used allowed to formulate our own understanding of the concept of “structural policy”. Structural policy is an integral part of economic policy, which is an aggregate of social and economic activities carried out by the state and other economic policy actors through justifying and introducing purposeful structural changes and transformations in the economy and society with a view to realizing an optimal restructuring of the economic system, eliminating disproportions, ensuring balanced and positive development of the economy, solving urgent social and economic problems. Structural policy is characterized by system-wide properties. The defining features of structural policy are a plan package; the economic policy component; use of incentives, investment and innovation; directions of structural transformation; support for development of components of the national economy and formation of their necessary proportions; increase in efficiency of social production and its structure; ensuring economic growth. The goals of structural policy are implementation of structural reforms; use of structural changes as a tool to increase the pace of economic development; preparation of the economy to meet future needs. Structural policy offers methods and tools for its implementation. The toolkit includes tools for direct and indirect action. The components of structural policy are sectoral, innovative, industrial, investment, reproductive, regional, institutional, environmental, competitive, social, foreign economic policy. Structural policy in the process of its implementation takes various forms: policy of adaptation; prevention policy; anticipation policy; restructuring.

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