СтаттяЗовнішня публікація11 січня 2019 р.

ЛЮБОВ, ЯКА РУХАЄ КОРДОНИ: ДІАСПОРАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИКА ТУРЕЧЧИНИ

C. В. Коч

Анотація

Current world order of the system of international relations intends to regulate the claims and actions of a significant number of new actors. As distinct from the Westphalian system with vertical hierarchy of «big» and «small» states, the modern structure of international relations along with classical actors includes the new parties: borderland sociocultural groups – «diasporas of cataclysm», regional diasporas in the transboundary systems and world diasporas with transnational network or umbrella structure. Relations between state and its diasporas, apart from traditional patronage relations, acquire new forms. The «hybrid formations» with specific neo-institutional elements of organization, composition of state and transnational features have appeared. Territorial nation-state has been transforming into the sacral centre, directing and uniting «own» diasporas all over the world. The recognition of diaspora as resource base of the state that extends opportunities of international contacts and forms of impact on international system has grown in popularity. The paper presents the analysis of the process of formation of diasporal policy of Turkey in the context of realization of new geopolitical strategy of Neo-Ottomanism. The aim of the paper is to research the evolution of the term «diaspora» in the state policy as well as to analyse the transformation of the relations between state and diasporas in relation to the changes of Turkey’s national priorities. «Turkish citizens abroad», «relative groups», «friendly societies» act as a subject of the state diasporal policy. Expansion of the term «diaspora» demonstrates the fact that diaspora in Turkey has been considered as resource for realization of international strategy of the state on stabilization and development of the geopolitical and economic position, as a mechanism of mediation and lobbying of interests. It has been determined that diasporal policy of the Republic of Turkey is oriented to execution of two objectives: realization of the aim to create a strong transnational lobbying structure on the basis of the ethnic diasporas around the world and to execute geopolitical target – creation of the global integrational system through consolidated efforts of relative states and nations of Turkic world.