ACCOUNTING FOR FIXED ASSETS OF AN ENTERPRISE UNDER MARTIAL LAW

Анотація

The war provoked significant challenges in asset accounting in general. The article examines the problems of accounting for fixed assets under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. In April 2022, 55.9% of enterprises in Ukraine partially or completely stopped their work due to the war. Whereas, in November 2022, the situation changed for the better and the number of non-working enterprises decreased by 24.2%. The key issues of accounting for fixed assets are their recognition, determination of their book value, calculation of depreciation, as well as revaluation and liquidation (write-off). It has been established that traditional approaches to the recognition and calculation of depreciation of fixed assets in the conditions of war need to be revised and transformed. It is necessary to review the points of the accounting policy in terms of depreciation charges, in particular the useful life of fixed assets, liquidation value, amortized cost, depreciation methods used by the enterprise. The changes in the revaluation accounting of fixed assets were studied. It was considered and proposed to improve the method of writing off fixed assets, to ensure proper documentation and accounting. If there is access to the objects of fixed assets and the possibility of recording the facts of physical destruction, theft or fire, a commission must be formed, which forms the corresponding supporting documents. The company should reflect the depreciation of assets as expenses. If the enterprise does not have access to the assets and there are no relevant documents certifying their damage, then these objects of fixed assets continue to be reflected on the enterprise's balance sheet.an important condition for writing off fixed assets is the availability of primary documents, accounting registers, financial statements and other documents related to the calculation and payment of taxes and fees. The issue of reflecting in the financial statements fixed assets located in the occupied territories, relocated, physically destroyed in part or in full, stolen by the occupiers, etc. was studied. In the annual financial statements for 2022, enterprises must already reflect the consequences of the influence of military aggression on the financial condition of the enterprise. In particular, it is necessary to test assets that are not subject to their depreciation, to estimate the amount of the reserve for doubtful debts, to write off damaged assets that no longer meet the recognition criteria.

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