Resilience of the banking system of Ukraine under external shocks

Анотація

The article examines the institutional resilience of the banking system of Ukraine under an unprecedented external shock through a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of key banking sector indicators and an assessment of the effectiveness of regulatory measures implemented by the National Bank of Ukraine. Introduction. The banking system is a key element of a country’s financial infrastructure, the functioning of which directly determines the stability of the entire economy. Unprecedented external challenges have exerted significant pressure on the banking sector of Ukraine, threatening its operational capacity, capital adequacy, and depositor confidence. Problem Statement. The banking system of Ukraine operates under conditions of large-scale external shocks, accompanied by infrastructure disruptions, a decline in economic activity, an increase in non-performing loans, and capital outflows. This necessitates a comprehensive analysis of the factors that have ensured its operational stability. Unresolved Issues. Despite a significant body of research on banking resilience under crisis conditions, the specifics of financial sector functioning in a destabilized economic environment remain insufficiently explored, particularly regarding the effectiveness of regulatory instruments and the transformation of the deposit base under martial law conditions. Purpose of the Article. To investigate the key factors of resilience of the banking system of Ukraine under external shocks, to analyze the dynamics of the main banking sector indicators, and to assess the effectiveness of the regulatory response of the National Bank of Ukraine. Main Results. The dynamics of capital adequacy, profitability, asset quality, and the deposit base of the banking system are analyzed. Regulatory measures of the National Bank of Ukraine, as well as the role of international financial support in maintaining macro-financial stability, are examined. Conclusions. The banking system of Ukraine has demonstrated significant institutional resilience under conditions of severe external stress, supported by a combination of monetary and regulatory policy measures, international assistance, and the digital transformation of financial services. Prospects for further recovery are associated with resolving the problem of non-performing loans and expanding lending to the real sector of the economy.

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