Factors of Business Location: Spatial and Temporal Dimensions

Анотація

Research background: Business location factors are crucial determinants of regional attractiveness for enterprises. Their analysis requires consideration of both internal (technology, resources, pollution, products) and external (place‑related) properties, as well as the possibility of artificial creation, costs, duration, and long‑term effects. The study introduces the concept of PPF‑research (past‑present‑future) to examine the temporal dynamics of location factors. Purpose: The aim of the article is to systematize business location factors, classify them into internal and external categories, and identify measures by which the state can enhance regional attractiveness for business, including taxation, infrastructure, resource pricing, and qualified personnel. Methodology: The research applies comparative analysis of location factors, structured classification, and conceptual modeling. It integrates theoretical reasoning with illustrative examples of state policies (e.g., accelerated depreciation, customs duties, administrative decisions on resource pricing) and introduces the analytical framework of “Siamese pairs” of internal and external factors. Findings: The results provide policymakers with a structured framework for designing regional development strategies. They emphasize the importance of stable long-term policies (e.g., customs duties, taxation) and the potential of targeted measures to attract investment and skilled labor. The classification of factors and the PPF-research approach can guide both regional authorities and enterprises in strategic planning. Practical implications: The results provide policymakers with a structured framework for designing regional development strategies. They emphasize the importance of stable long-term policies (e.g., customs duties, taxation) and the potential of targeted measures to attract investment and skilled labor. The classification of factors and the PPF-research approach can guide both regional authorities and enterprises in strategic planning. Originality / value: The article contributes to the theory of business location by introducing the concepts of “Siamese pairs” of factors and PPF-research. It also proposes a novel classification of goods based on location factors, offering a foundation for further empirical studies and policy applications.

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