УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИМ ПОТЕНЦІАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ОБОРОННО-ПРОМИСЛОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ УКРАЇНИ ЯК ФАКТОР ЇХ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Анотація

In the context of full-scale war and rapid technological transformations, intellectual potential has become a key factor for the sustainable development of the Ukrainian defense-industrial complex (DIC). Human capital, research and development (R&D), and innovative practices serve as the main drivers of competitiveness and resilience. The accelerated growth of defense technologies – including unmanned aerial vehicles, electronic warfare systems, and advanced engineering solutions – highlights the urgent need for systematic management of intellectual potential. At the same time, Ukrainian enterprises face structural challenges related to insufficient R&D financing, technological dependence on imported components, and organizational fragmentation. These issues are critical for integrating domestic enterprises into international value chains and for ensuring their long-term development. The article aims to identify and systematize the main dimensions of intellectual potential management in Ukrainian defense-industrial enterprises, to analyze barriers to its effective use, and to outline strategic directions for strengthening resilience through innovation and international cooperation. Special emphasis is placed on the link between intellectual potential and sustainable development under crisis conditions. The research is based on the analysis of official statistical data, reports of international organizations (OECD, SIPRI, European Defence Agency), analytical reviews of consulting companies (KPMG, Deloitte, McKinsey & Company), as well as Ukrainian expert reports (StateWatch, GMK Center). Methods of comparative analysis, systematization, and data visualization were applied to reveal trends in patent activity, defense production, R&D expenditures, and international partnerships during 2022–2024. The results show that the intellectual potential of Ukrainian defense enterprises demonstrates significant growth. Patent applications and utility model registrations increased rapidly, while production of drones and electronic warfare systems grew exponentially. However, R&D expenditures remain disproportionately low (0.43% of GDP in 2024 compared to the EU average of over 2%), which limits innovation capacity. Human capital, integration into NATO and EU innovation networks, and the adoption of modern knowledge management systems are identified as key success factors. The findings confirm that systematic management of intellectual potential is the foundation for both crisis resilience and long-term sustainability of the Ukrainian DIC. The study proposes practical recommendations for enterprises and policymakers, including investments in human capital, development of digital knowledge management platforms, strengthening international partnerships, and creating a national program for intellectual potential development in the defense sector. These steps will enhance innovation, improve organizational efficiency, and ensure Ukraine’s defense industry resilience in the face of global challenges.

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