GREEN ECONOMY IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE: NEW REGULATORY MECHANISMS AND IMPACT ON COMPETITIVENESS

Анотація

The relevance of the study is due to the rapid greening of international trade, within which carbon standards, circular production models and environmental regulatory mechanisms increasingly determine the competitiveness of states. The aim of the article is a comprehensive study of the transformations of trade regimes under the influence of the green economy. The methodology is based on systemic and comparative analysis, the use of institutional and economic-ecological approaches, as well as on the generalization of international indicators. As a result of the study, it was found that green mechanisms for regulating international trade significantly reformat global trade flows, shifting the emphasis from price parameters to carbon efficiency, technological modernization and institutional transparency. The paper reveals that environmental indicators are becoming tools for redistributing competitive advantages, and the ability of national economies to integrate environmental standards and low-carbon technologies determines their positions in global value chains. The results obtained made it possible to formulate strategic recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of countries based on the decarbonization of industry, the development of clean technologies, the introduction of national carbon accounting systems and the expansion of international cooperation in the field of the green economy. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its conclusions to develop state trade and industrial strategies, improve climate policy, support exporters in the transition to low-carbon production models and optimize investment decisions in the field of green modernization.

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