INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE INTO THE GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SPACE AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS

Анотація

The article is devoted to the analysis of Ukraine's integration into international scientific and technological exchange in the context of modern technoglobalisation and its impact on the economic competitiveness of the state. It shows that participation in cross-border technology transfer provides expanded access to advanced scientific results and innovative solutions, integration into global knowledge creation chains, the formation of world-class national scientific schools, and the strengthening of the innovation environment. Based on a historical review, the evolution of Ukraine's involvement is traced: from deep integration into the cooperative practices of the Soviet period to the current forms of multilevel international interaction, which include participation in European Union programmes, cooperation with international organisations, and the development of partnerships with foreign universities and business structures. The trends after independence are summarised, when the decline in domestic demand for scientific developments and the lack of funding led to a prolonged decline in the science intensity of the economy, a transformation of research support models, and a shift towards project-oriented funding with more active participation of the business sector.Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of full-scale war, which led to the destruction of research infrastructure, forced migration of scientists, disruption of established cooperation ties, and increased dependence on external support. It is shown that the internationalisation of science in these conditions serves not only as a means of long-term development, but also as a tool for restoring human and material potential. Changes in the structure of research activity are analysed, in particular the strengthening of the applied component as a response to urgent security and reconstruction needs. Attention is focused on the dynamics of Ukraine's position in international indices of innovation and talent competitiveness, which, despite the generally low base, show signs of adaptability of the innovation ecosystem. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of the national IT sector as a relatively stable driver of technological development, capable of supporting export-oriented activity and integration into global knowledge networks even in crisis conditions. A summary of empirical observations allows us to conclude that there is a methodological vacuum regarding the quantitative correlation of international scientific and technological interaction parameters with economic results in the Ukrainian context. The paper outlines the substantive characteristics of integration processes, their limitations and potential implications for economic modernisation, forming the basis for the further development of an indicator system for assessing the effects of global scientific and technological cooperation.

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