ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

Анотація

In the face of internal and external challenges to the national economy, the effective functioning of the higher education system is a guarantee of achieving the goals of its sustainable development and overcoming the consequences of socio-political and economic crises. The quality of the knowledge and skills acquired by future specialists has a direct impact on the productivity of their labor, GDP, the standard of living of the country's population and its competitiveness in the global market. The purpose of the article is to provide a general and economic characteristic of the functioning of the higher education system of Ukraine during 2020-2024 in order to determine its advantages and disadvantages. The research methods were: analysis of statistical data on financing the training of higher education applicants under state order, the most popular fields of knowledge, wages in various sectors of the economy, the number of vacancies and the number of job seekers, economic indicators of the functioning of the higher education sector, as well as a method of generalizing the results of the analysis. Results. The article provides an economic characteristic of the functioning of the higher education system of Ukraine, which indicates the following: the lion's share of universities is based on state ownership and has insufficient financial support; there is a mismatch in the parameters of demand for educational services and supply parameters in the labor market; the use of higher education institutions' assets to generate profit is unsatisfactory; the level of competitiveness of Ukrainian universities in the global market of educational services is unsatisfactory. The positive features of the functioning of the higher education system of Ukraine include: a satisfactory level of education quality, which is reflected in the growth of labor productivity of employees, and sufficient efficiency of the processes of selling products (services). Keywords: higher education system, higher education institution, sources of funding, quality of education, labor productivity, profitability of sales, profitability of assets, competitiveness.

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