Strategic imperatives for ensuring Ukraine’s migration security: a spatial concept

Анотація

The study examines the alarming scale and critically negative structural features of migration processes in Ukraine and its regions against the backdrop of intensified external migration activity, a demographic crisis, significant human losses due to war, and socio-economic upheavals. The article substantiates the urgent need to develop and implement a National Strategy for Migration Security in Ukraine aimed at establishing effective mechanisms for regulating migration flows, overcoming challenges and threats associated with mass population movements, and achieving strategic and operational goals to enhance migration resilience. Particular attention is paid to differentiating the strategy across three regional types: frontline, rear, and border regions, which exhibit varying socio-economic war impacts and migration-related challenges. The purpose of the article is to justify methodological and practical approaches to the formation of strategic directions for ensuring Ukraine’s migration security, taking into account the spatial specifics and challenges of the socio-economic stability of the regions. The overarching goal of the proposed strategy is to preserve and restore Ukraine’s human capital and to counter national security threats through rational and effective migration management. Key strategic alternatives have been identified for each region type: 1) restoration of human and labor potential considering demographic losses and labor migration; 2) efficient utilization of existing potential through employment stimulation and support for socially vulnerable groups; 3) youth retention, promotion of re-emigration, and adaptation of vulnerable population categories requiring additional support. Each alternative is accompanied by relevant strategic and operational objectives as well as state policy tasks aimed at sustainable development and improving migration security at both national and regional levels.

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