Das Staatsunternehmen als Expertenarena. Die Anfangsjahre der Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, 1942-1951

Анотація

The essay examines the role played by Brazilian technical and<br/>scientific elites during and after the Second World War. It focuses on<br/>the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD), a Brazilian state company with<br/>both Brazilian and U.S. directors, which was founded in 1942 to realize<br/>a large-scale iron ore mining project as a part of war-time<br/>mobilisation. It discusses the CVRD’s formative years in the context of<br/>global geopolitics, national industrial aspirations and cleavages over<br/>regional economic policy. It argues that we can interpret the CVRD,<br/>along with other state companies, as an expert arena which provided<br/>engineers with a new space to stage their competencies at the service of<br/>the nation. By examining the terms of the first two Presidents of the<br/>CVRD, Israel Pinheiro (1942-1945) and Dermeval José Pimenta (1946-1951),<br/>we can discern different types of expertise. During the Estado Novo and<br/>the war, Pinheiro was perceived as a political expert loyal to President<br/>Getúlio Vargas but detached from his professional peers and his home<br/>state Minas Gerais. Pimenta, in turn, maintained an image as a true<br/>technical expert. He followed clearly nationalistic administrative style<br/>aimed at brazilianising the company while using it to serve the economic<br/>needs of Minas Gerais.<br/>

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