The features of the president`s institute in Brazil

Анотація

institute in BrazilThe president`s institute is a key part of the Brazilian political system.Brazil is a presidential republic.The President of Brazil is the head of state and head of government.The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the functioning of the presidential institute in Brazil.Research methods are institutional, systemic and structural-functional.The President of Brazil is vested with significant power.The term of office of the President of Brazil is four years.The President of Brazil is elected together with the Vice-President by an absolute majority system.In Brazil, only a citizen of that state by birth can be president.It is advisable to systematize the powers of the President of Brazil according to the main spheres of state activity -executive, legislative, judicial, foreign policy, national security and defense.The powers of the President of Brazil in the sphere of executive power include: forming and dismissing the government; recognition with state awards, awarding of honorary and military ranks.The powers of the President of Brazil in the field of legislative power include: convening extraordinary sessions of the parliament; sending messages to the National Congress; the right of legislative initiative; signing and promulgation of laws adopted by the parliament; application of the veto on laws adopted by the parliament; issuance of own regulatory legal acts (decrees).In the field of judicial power, the President of Brazil has the right to pardon, reduce and cancel criminal punishments determined by the court, the right to appoint judges or to participate in the procedure of such appointments.In the field of foreign policy, the President of Brazil represents the state in the international arena.It is granted the right to accredit diplomatic representatives, conclude treaties, conventions and international acts.In the spheres of national security and defense of the state, the President of Brazil heads the state defense.He exercises the highest command of the armed forces of the state.The head of state has the right to introduce a state of emergency (martial law), general or partial mobilization or demobilization with the consent of the parliament.

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