Resource Provision of the Higher Education Sector in the EU as a Basis for Its Development

Анотація

Higher education (HE) plays a special role in the national economy, and its development is a strategic task for every country. The European Union (EU) pays considerable attention to this sector, in particular by implementing a comprehensive set of measures to ensure its resource provision. The study of this issue is relevant for Ukraine in view of its European integration course and the need to reform НЕ. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a general statistical analysis of the parameters of resource provision in the higher education sector in the EU as the basis for its development. The goals and priorities established by the EU for the development of НЕ are taken into account. Emphasis is placed on the emergence of the EU higher education macrosystem, which makes it possible to consider the dimensions of resource provision at the level of the entire union. Three main dimensions of resources are covered: the parameters of upper secondary education functioning; financing of НЕ; and labor resources (academic staff). A general analysis of the functioning parameters of upper secondary education as a prerequisite for the training of potential entrants is conducted. It is shown that the number of students in upper secondary education is increasing at the EU level, which will generate demand for higher education. The level of НЕ funding as a factor in achieving the set goals of the EU educational policy is examined. A conclusion is made about the ambiguity of trends in the dynamics of financial support parameters at the EU level, as well as about significant differences between member states. The analysis covered: capital expenditures of universities, public and private funding, expenditure per student, public subsidies, and financial assistance to students, which demonstrated the growing role of the EU. Based on the analysis, the problematic nature of the dynamics of labor resources in the EU education sector, especially in public institutions, is revealed. Emphasis is placed on the problem of reproduction of labor resources in the EU НЕ sector and on significant differences between countries in the parameters of academic staff. The results of the study create prerequisites for further research into the performance of НЕ in the EU. Keywords: European integration, EU, higher education, secondary education, financing, public expenditure, labor resources.

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