Scientific and theoretical foundations of the development of foreign economic activity in conditions of martial law

Анотація

The development of foreign economic activity (FEA) of Ukraine in conditions of full-scale war. The work analyzes the key problems that arose in connection with the military conflict and their impact on the country’s international economic relations. The article emphasizes that the Ukrainian economy is in a state of crisis due to the enemy’s aggressive actions, which lead to a decrease in production, disruption of logistics chains, and a decline in entrepreneurial activity, thereby complicating Ukraine’s participation in international economic relations. The study emphasizes the importance of FEA for economic development and national security, underscoring the need for an immediate solution to existing problems. The article examines various scientific perspectives on the essence of FEA, its role in ensuring economic security, and its relationship with Ukraine’s international relations. It is noted that, prior to the war, Ukraine faced several challenges that negatively impacted foreign economic activity, including political instability, a decline in investment attractiveness, a shortage of qualified personnel, inefficient logistics, and a low level of scientific and technological progress in specific industries. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the impact of the war on export-import operations: grain silos and terminals were destroyed, fields were mined, and the maritime trade corridor was blocked, which led to a significant reduction in export volumes (from $68.088 million in 2021 to $44.173 million in 2022). The decrease in exports and the increase in imports of strategically important goods resulted in a significant improvement in the foreign trade balance of goods. The article highlights measures that will contribute to the development of foreign economic activity, specifically improving state regulation, strengthening prohibitions on cooperation with the aggressor, and ratifying the Convention on the Common Transit Procedure. It is concluded that, despite the difficulties, Ukraine has prospects for further development of foreign economic activity, which requires ensuring the stability of export-import operations, creating favorable conditions for trade and innovation, as well as strengthening international cooperation. Keywords: foreign economic activity, Ukraine, martial law, export, import, economic security.

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