Functional specialization of central executive bodies in the implementation of Ukraine’s state migration policy: comparative analysis of powers and interaction mechanisms

Анотація

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the functional specialization of Ukraine’s central executive bodies in implementing state migration policy. The study reveals the specifics of power distribution among various agencies and mechanisms of their coordinated interaction under contemporary migration challenges. Special attention is given to analyzing the competence of key migration policy actors: the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and its subordinate State Migration Service and National Police, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in visa policy and consular services, and the Ministry of Social Policy, Family and Unity regarding migrant social protection and work with internally displaced persons. The research identifies functional duplications and gaps in power distribution, analyzes the effectiveness of coordination mechanisms between agencies, and examines practical aspects of inter- agency interaction in administrative service provision procedures and control functions implementation. Particular emphasis is placed on analyzing the role of specialized services – the State Border Guard Service and Security Service of Ukraine in ensuring the security dimension of migration policy. The work studies the impact of martial law on transforming functional roles of various agencies, particularly strengthening coordination functions of some bodies and redistributing priorities in others’ activities. The comparative analysis includes comparison of the Ukrainian functional specialization model with international migration management practices, particularly EU countries’ experience. The study identifies key problems of the contemporary system: insufficient coordination between agencies in crisis situations, functional duplication in some areas, and competence gaps in addressing complex migration issues. The work proposes recommendations for optimizing functional power distribution, including creating permanent coordination mechanisms, implementing unified information systems, and improving inter-agency interaction procedures. Special attention is given to the need for adapting functional specialization to post-conflict recovery requirements and Ukraine’s continued European integration.

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