FINANCING OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AS A STRATEGIC FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES

Анотація

The article examines the financing of research and development as one of the determining factors of innovative development of territories in Ukraine under conditions of economic transformation, wartime challenges, and post-war recovery. The role of research and development activities in shaping the scientific and technological potential of regions, enhancing their competitiveness, developing human capital, and introducing modern technologies into various sectors of the economy is substantiated. Based on data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the volume, dynamics, and regional characteristics of research and development financing in 2023-2024 are analyzed. It is established that in 2024 total R&D expenditures increased by 32,7% compared to 2023, indicating increased attention to the innovation-oriented component of economic development. At the same time, significant unevenness in the distribution of financial resources among regions is identified, particularly their high concentration in the city of Kyiv and considerable interregional differences in the growth rates of R&D financing. The structure of R&D expenditures by type of activity is analyzed, which makes it possible to identify the dominance of experimental development and applied research in the overall funding structure, while the share of basic research remains relatively stable but limited. This structure reflects the practical orientation of scientific activity, focused on obtaining results that can be applied in the economy in the short and medium term. The study concludes that there is a need to improve approaches to state and regional support for research and development financing, taking into account spatial disparities, wartime conditions, and the requirements of territorial recovery. The implementation of a balanced financial policy in the field of science will contribute to strengthening the innovative capacity of regions and fostering the formation of a sustainable knowledge-based economy. Keywords: financing, research and development financing, innovative development of territories, innovation activity, innovation potential, state support.

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