STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM AND EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION ORIGINS AND MODERNITY

Анотація

The article is devoted to the issues of the interconnected influence of the transformational processes of the economic system and employment of the population in retrospect and at the present stage. A scientific retrospective exploration has been carried out, confirming the relevance of the issue in the study of the socio-economic development of states in the conditions of an industrial and post-industrial society. The evolution of the views of foreign scientists on the content of structural transformations of the economic system and their impact on the employment of the population in various socio-economic conditions and, especially, in the current conditions, is traced; it was found out which domestic institutions, organizations, scientists deal with such issues; it was clarified how socio-geographers consider these problems, what are the directions and results of their research, especially in the regional aspect. The approaches of foreign scientists to the problems of the structural transformation of the economic system and its impact on the employment of the population in different countries and socio-economic conditions are systematized and generalized. A significant contribution of the experience of leading economists and scientists of the world to the development of issues of structural changes in the economy of states of a transitive type is noted. Historical miscalculations are analyzed, prospects for improving the real employment of the population are outlined. The importance of one of the main factors of progressive structural changes in the economy, in particular, technological shifts, the instrument of which is business, is proved. The substantiation of the essence of the transition period from a mixed economy that functioned on a directive-planning basis to an economy that functions on a market basis is noted. It is noted that this is a revolutionary transformation, and not the dismantling of one system and replacing it with a fundamentally new one. In the transitional economy, it is being restructured and new conditions and forms of development are being created. The weak and strong positions of theories, various concepts and strategies for the structural reorganization of a transitive economic system are substantiated, taking into account modern challenges and threats, global consequences and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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