FORMATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIAL CLUSTERS: FROM CLASSICAL MODELS TO PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FORMATS

Анотація

Abstract. The formation of an effective system for managing territorial clusters in the context of the current transformation of Ukraine's economy is becoming particularly relevant. With the growing need to strengthen regional development, enhance enterprise competitiveness, and stimulate innovation, clu-sters emerge not only as spatial-economic entities but also as strategic institutional and managerial units capable of accumulating resources, activating cooperation, and serving as catalysts for modernization. In this context, the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of cluster manage-ment approaches are revealed, with an emphasis on the construction sector as one of the most dynamic and structurally sensitive to innovation. The evolution of scientific concepts of clusters is presented – from the classical views of Alfred Marshall, where a cluster is seen as a localized group of enterprises, to more complex models shaped by the ideas of Michael Porter on the competitive advantages of terri-tories and Joseph Schumpeter on the role of innovative shifts. Particular attention is paid to modern interpretations of the cluster paradigm, which view these formations through the lens of public-private partnerships (PPP), digital transformation, and cross-sectoral interaction. The necessity of forming hybrid approaches to cluster management is substantiated, combining elements of spatial planning, institutional support, financial intervention, and digital transformation. A concep-tual management model is proposed, consisting of three levels: strategic (defining key goals of cluster policy, forming institutional coordination mechanisms), tactical (establishing interaction among parti-cipants, creating partnership networks, ensuring data exchange), and operational (applying digital platforms, developing performance monitoring systems, implementing projects based on adaptive mana-gement principles). Key barriers to the effective functioning of cluster structures are identified: lack of a unified regional development strategy, fragmented institutional environment, insufficient digital literacy among mana-gers, weak support from municipalities, and imperfect financing mechanisms. It is argued that solving these problems is possible under the condition of clear regulatory and legal support for clustering, the formation of analytical centers to assess effectiveness, the creation of joint digital management plat-forms based on the principles of openness, accessibility, and transparency. Considerable attention is devoted to the institutionalization of public-private partnerships as a key factor in the sustainable deve-lopment of clusters. It is shown that effective interaction among the state, business, and the scientific-educational environment ensures not only project financing but also creates social capital, an innovati-ve environment, and long-term economic stability of territories. Mechanisms to support partnership are proposed, particularly through the creation of cluster offices, regional development agencies, and network structures that coordinate stakeholder interaction based on trust, shared responsibility, and strategic synergy.

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