Historical analysis of the scientific base of investment activity problems in housing building

Анотація

The article is devoted to the consideration of the scientific-source basis of the issues of investment activity in housing construction. On the basis of historical analysis, the main stages of the evolution of the problems of reducing investment attractiveness in the housing market in Ukraine are determined. The foreign practice of state regulation of investment and construction processes relevant for borrowing, or refinement, in such developed countries as Ukraine, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden and the United States of America is considered. Summarizing the experience of developing mortgage lending abroad, it should be noted that mortgage lending was one of the main factors of economic development in the United States (new Roosevelt course), in Germany (post-war reforms of Erhard), in Argentina («Kovalio plan») and in Chile (Pinochet reforms). It is proved that the development of housing construction is significantly dependent on the level of development of mortgage lending, as this is one of the main sources for obtaining additional funds for the further development of construction.It is noted that the problems existing today in the housing and construction complex of the country are largely provoked by the ineffectiveness of the system of investment activity that was established even in a planned economy. The Soviet housing finance system was based on the centralized allocation of budgetary resources for the construction of public housing and its free provision to citizens who were officially recognized, in due course, in need of better housing conditions. It is concluded that the system of state construction and housing distribution inevitably led to a spiraling growth in demand for housing and stagnation of its supply, which caused a steady deficit of housing stock.The processes of stabilization, reformation and development of investment in housing construction are always experienced by all developed countries of the world. Seeking a way of output from a difficult situation, governments are pursuing a policy that should provide state financial support to construction companies and, at the same time, facilitate the wider involvement of the private sector in providing construction services, resulting in the emergence and development of a competitive construction environment in general.

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