COMMUNITARIAN ORIGINS OF THE POSTLIBERAL THEORY OF DEMOCRACY

Анотація

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the conceptual and theoretical origins of postliberal democratic theory through the prism of communitarian political philosophy. It has been established that the intellectual foundations of postliberalism are formed on the basis of criticism of liberal individualism, moral relativism, and the principle of the value-neutral state characteristic of the classical liberal tradition. The main directions of the communitarian critique of liberalism have been systematized, particularly regarding the interpretation of the autonomous self, the relationship between the individual and the community, as well as the liberal priority of rights over the common good. It has been demonstrated that the concepts developed by A. MacIntyre, M. Sandel, and Ch. Taylor became important intellectual preconditions for the emergence of postliberal democratic theory. The transformation of communitarian ideas into the postliberal discourse has been traced, within which particular emphasis is placed on collective identity, moral values, social solidarity, and the concept of the common good. It has been established that Ch. Taylor’s politics of recognition and M. Sandel’s critique of the value-neutral state were adapted by postliberal theory as the foundations of a new understanding of the interrelation between democracy, culture, and moral order. The study substantiates that virtue, morality, and the common good, which occupy a central place in A. MacIntyre’s philosophy, became some of the key normative principles of the postliberal model of democracy. It is concluded that postliberalism emerges not only as a critique of the liberal order, but also as an attempt to reinterpret democratic governance on the basis of the moral and value-based integration of society under conditions of contemporary global transformations.

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