Key Fiscal Issues and Structural Elements of State Protection in the 21st Century
Анотація
The article analyzes the main components of state fiscal security amid 21st-century global challenges: market turbulence, rising debt, and external shocks. Using data from 2019-2024 from the EU, OECD, and Ukraine, it evaluates fiscal stability indicators – public debt, budget deficit, and tax revenues. The study reveals Ukraine’s higher debt burden, chronic deficit, and lower tax capacity compared to OECD averages. The author classifies fiscal security elements: budget balance, debt control, tax capacity, reserves, transparency, and intergovernmental efficiency. Key directions include improving debt management, tax policy, creating stabilization funds, and expanding fiscal space via de-shadowing. The research based on systematic, comparative, and statistical analysis of official OECD, World Bank, IMF, and national data, provides practical insights for strengthening Ukraine’s fiscal stability.
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