Reform of higher education in Poland. Context of the bologna process

Анотація

The article presents the main directions of the transformation of the Polish higher education system to meet the growing needs of the national economy and the labor market. It is emphasized that the state reforms of higher education aimed at improving the quality of education and its orientation to the growing new society were carried out in line with the Bologna process. Characteristics of the most important principles for the creation of a single pan-European educational and scientific space are given. The process of creating state higher professional educational institutions, which have become an addition to universities and polytechnic institutions, has been considered, due to which the population’s access to free higher education has increased. The specific differences between the educational programs of Polish higher vocational schools and unified university programs are assessed. It is shown that, in accordance with the principles of building a unified European educational and scientific space in the country, unified university programs are divided into two- and then three-level cycles. Particular attention is paid to the functioning of the management systems of the process of improving the quality of higher education, presents an analysis of internal and external systems, as well as criteria for parametric evaluation of the quality of the learning process. The leading role of teaching staff in the formation of a quality culture of training is substantiated. The maxims of the teacher of the higher school are given. It is shown that the parametric assessment of the quality of teachers’ work contains both formal legal and thematic elements. Teachers of Polish universities are subject to parametric evaluation at least once every four years, the criteria and procedure for evaluation are defined in the charter of the training organization. Regardless of the official certification, each university teacher exercises self-evaluation with the help of a multi-criteria scale. It should be emphasized that the work of the university teacher on improving the quality of higher education is largely individual, and at the same time regulated by law, both national and EU. Legislation defines the rights, tasks and responsibilities of teachers and quality standards are defined in this area.

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