Solar Energetics in Ukraine and the Experience of the Visegrad Group Countries

Анотація

The urgency of investigating the improvement of solar energy industry efficiency in Ukraine is conditioned upon the exhaustive nature of conventional energy sources and their polluting effect, the availability of the potential for efficient use of solar energy and lower than possible level of its implementation, and by the opportunities of applying the practices of V-4-countries, which are connected with Ukraine geographically, economically, and naturally. The purpose of this study was to identify the main positive elements of the said practices and devise possible development vectors for solar energy industry in Ukraine. The main methods employed in this study are general methods (analysis and synthesis combined with scientific abstraction and generalisation, induction) and special economic and statistical methods (analysis of dynamic series, indexes, comparison). The main results of this study: the author identified the methods for obtaining and using solar energy, established its advantages and disadvantages, trends, rates, and potential of branch development; identified the share of solar energy in the structure of renewable energy on the level of 10%; outlined the importance, state, and trends of solar energy development in Ukraine, its leading role in greening the entire economy using the available favourable conditions, and how this development is relatively low and hampered by the lack of national support, energy accumulation and storage systems, clear and understandable national strategy of its development, outdated practices of green tariffs, instability of public investment policy in the industry, high level of wear of electric networks. In this regard, the aforementioned practices concern the consolidation of the solar energy market to increase its level of regulation; the normalisation of national energy policy and investment climate; the development of the practice of creating solar parks and systems of cogeneration of different types of energy and energy storage systems; replacement of green tariffs by the mechanism of green auctions and other schemes

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