On protecting the labor rights of internally displaced persons in Ukraine

Анотація

The article defines scientific approaches to the concept of “internally displaced persons” (hereinafter referred to as IDPs). It is studied that internally displaced persons appear as a specific category of subjects of labor law and retain the general status of citizens of Ukraine, acquire additional legal features, rights and guarantees due to the forced change of their place of residence. It is noted that the study of the specifics of the legal status of IDPs is the foundation for understanding the mechanisms of implementing the right to work in war conditions. It is stated that the military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine forced millions of people to leave their homes and change their legal status, especially while outside Ukraine. It is proven that against the background of the destruction of the population, long-term destruction of the infrastructure of Ukraine, humanitarian, social and other needs continue to grow. The importance of a platform that would allow collecting and analyzing data on the professional composition of migrants, their training needs, and employers' requests was indicated, ensuring more accurate and targeted employment. Particular attention is paid to the impact of digitalization, namely the development and implementation of a mechanism for "digital nostrification" of skills through the "Diya" platform, where, based on data from the tax service and pension fund on previous places of work, as well as through online testing, it would be possible to confirm professional level without the physical presence of paper diplomas. It is indicated that it is important to create tax incentives for long-term employment, introduce tax benefits (for example, reducing the social security contribution) for employers who conclude employment contracts with IDPs. It is noted that it is necessary to introduce the institute of career counselors for IDPs, that is, expand the functions of employment centers by introducing the specialization of career counselors who would provide not only information about vacancies, but also provide psychological support and assistance in adapting to a new workplace. Conclusions are drawn about the need to improve legislation, which will contribute to better integration of IDPs and strengthening the economic potential of the state. It is proved that improving legislation should occur through codification of norms on the status of IDPs, strengthening the role of local government, digitalization of social services and creation of comprehensive programs that combine housing and labor guarantees. Keywords: forced migration, military aggression, social assistance, international labor standards, employment.

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